Customer Basic Requirements
Tyre must fulfill the four customer requirements.
1. To carry the load
Tyres always carry load just like passengers and cargo. Tyres supports the weight when vehicle in dull condition but when vehicle in motion Tyre must also resist the considerable loads shifts during acceleration and braking. A car Tyre has to carry over 50 times of its own weight, it is remembered that the part of Tyre actually carries air inside the Tyres.
2. To transmit the driving and braking forces
The Tyres transmit the acceleration and braking forces to the road through footprint area. A change in inflation pressure modifies the footprint area, therefore proper air inflation is crucial for the Tyre to fulfill this function.
3. To change and maintain direction
This is the steering function in which Tyres help maintain a straight line or change direction. The Tyre must steer predictably, regardless of the road or weather conditions. The Tyre should transmit steering inputs without drifting off the intended line.
4. To absorb the shocks from road surfaces
This is the ride comfort function in which Tyres absorb and minimize the shocks caused by uneven road surfaces.
The elasticity of the air inside the Tyres helps it to absorb shocks from obstacles and irregularities in the road. The correct pressure thus helps achieve desirable level of comfort as well as accurate steering. In vehicle correct air pressure important, which is maintain by air pressure gauge.
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Air Pressure Gauge
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Different vehicles need types of Tyres, but all needs the 4 functions.
Tyes of Tyres
1.Automobile
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Automobile Tyres
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Benefits
I. Low noise
II. Good ride
III. Good handling
Tyre type
I. Passenger radial (PSR)
II. Passenger bias (PSS)
2.Motorcycle
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Motorcycle Tyres
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Benefits
I. High grip
II. Good handling
III. Round profile
Tyre types
I. Motorcycle radial (MCR)
II. Motorcycle bias (MCS)
3.Light Truck
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Dravis
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Benefits
I. Support load
II. Long life
III. Moderate grip
Tyre types
I. Light van and light truck radial (LVR, LTR)
II. Light truck bias (LTS)
4.Truck
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M751 HL
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Benefits
I. Support load
II. Long life and even wear
III. Retread ability
Tyre types
I. TBR (Truck Bus radial)
II. TBS (Truck Bus bias)
5.Aircraft
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| Aircraft Tyres |
Benefits
I. High load
II. High speed
III. High grip
IV. Retread ability
Tyre types
I. Aircraft bias ply (APS)
II. Aircraft radial ply (APR)
6.Agricultural
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Agriculture Tyre
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Benefits
I. High traction
II. Resist punctures
III. Flotation
Tyre types
I. Agriculture bias ply (AGS)
II. Agriculture radial ply (AGR)
7.Earthmover
Benefits
I. High load
II. Resists cuts
III. Long life
Tyre types
I. Off the road radial (ORR)
2.Off the road bias (ORS)
8.Industrial
I. High load
II. Long life
III. High traction
Tyre types
I. Industrial bias ply (IDS)
II. Industrial radial ply (IDR)
Tyre Construction
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| Tyre mileage |
Body ply: -
Sustain the inflation pressure which enables the Tyre to carry load. A higher load requires higher pressure, and therefore a stronger body ply.
Sidewall: -
Protect the body ply from damage. It also plays a role in determining the ride comfort and steering characteristics of the Tyre.
Belts: -
Ensure the tread area remains flat during road contact, and its pressure distribution is even. Contain the air inside shape and pressure ensures good wear.
Inner liner: -
Contain the air inside the tire at high pressures over an extended period.
Top tread or Cap tread: -
Provide resistance to wear, and in some cases cutting & chipping, as well as providing high levels of friction (grip) between tire and road.
Base Tread: -
Its rubber compound has a low heat generation to minimize the heat in this very thick part of the tire close to the belts package.
Bead wires: -
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